Islamic Education and Religious Environment Shape Migrant Worker Ethics
Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Lingkungan Religius Membentuk Etika Pekerja Migran
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21070/halaqa.v10i1.1849Keywords:
Islamic Education, Religious Environment;, Migrant Workers, Ethical Behavior, DiasporaAbstract
General Background: International migration of Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) to Saudi Arabia has evolved into a complex socio-religious phenomenon requiring the maintenance of ethical behavior within a global diaspora context. Specific Background: Within the Wooden Coffee network, Islamic Religious Education (IRE) and a theocratic religious environment are central factors shaping workers’ moral conduct. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies largely focus on migrant contexts in secular societies, leaving limited empirical evidence on how structured religious education functions within a formally Islamic state environment. Aims: This study aims to empirically analyze the relationship between IRE, religious environment, and the ethical behavior of PMI. Results: Using a causal-associative quantitative approach with 100 respondents and multiple linear regression analysis, findings show that both IRE and the religious environment significantly contribute to ethical behavior (Beta = 0.451; p < 0.05), with IRE emerging as the dominant factor through structured internal reinforcement compared to external social influences. Novelty: The study integrates diaspora Islamic education with a theocratic context, highlighting the interaction between internal cognitive reinforcement and external social conditioning within a behaviorism framework. Implications: The findings underline the importance of structured religious curricula and supportive workplace environments in fostering professional ethics among migrant workers, contributing to SDG 4 on inclusive and quality education for marginalized diaspora communities.
Highlights
• Internalized religious learning provides stronger ethical control than workplace social pressure
• Theocratic environment supports but does not surpass structured educational reinforcement
• Combined cognitive and social conditioning explains professional conduct patterns
Keywords
Islamic Education; Religious Environment; Migrant Workers; Ethical Behavior; Diaspora
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Copyright (c) 2026 Salman Alfarizi, Moh Ali, Ade Hidayat
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