Social Identity of Non-Moslem Students In Muhammadiyah Universities Identitas Sosial Mahasiswa Non-Muslim Di Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Education in Indonesia, especially higher education institutions, has a role to build interaction between religious adherents. How is this experience of tolerance in religiously based higher education institutions where the majority of students and staff are religious according to the institution. One of the largest religious-based higher education networks in Indonesia is the Muhammadiyah Universities or Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah (PTM) network. Muhammadiyah as one of the largest Islamic organizations in Indonesia which has a network of higher education spread across various parts of Indonesia where students studying have diverse religious backgrounds. This study aimed to examine the dynamics of social identity in the experience of non-Moslem students at Muhammadiyah College. This research uses qualitative research methods using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Six participants, Christian, Catholic, Hindu, and Buddhist from four Muhammadiyah College in the province of Central Java - Indonesia, were interviewed and analyzed to obtain core themes. The results of this study produced five superordinate themes, namely the influence of the environment, personal characteristics, perceptions of the religion adopted, experience as a Muhammadiyah College Student, and perceptions of Islam and Muhammadiyah. The conclusion of this study shows the psychological dynamics of non-Muslim students shape the perception of Islam itself as a religion, also Muhammadiyah as an Islamic organization.
Downloads
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2021 Imam Faisal Hamzah, Zaldhi Yusuf Akbar, Gisella Arnis Grafiyana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
References
Akerlof, G. A. and Kranton, R. E. (2010). Identity Economics: How Our Identi- ties Shape Our Work, Wages, and Well-Being (New Jersey: Princeton University Press), 1–192.
Burch-Brown, J. and Baker, W. (2016). Religion and reducing prejudice. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 19, 784–807. doi: 10.1177/1368430216629566. Burhani, A. N. (2018). Pluralism, Liberalism, and Islamism: Religious Outlook of
Muhammadiyah. Studia Islamika 25, 433–470. doi: 10.15408/sdi.v25i3.7765. Christie, D. J. and Dawes, A. (2001). Tolerance and solidarity. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology 7, 131–142. doi: 10.1207/s15327949pac0702_04.
Cottam, M. L., Mastors, E., Preston, T., and Dietz, B. (2010). Introduction To Polit- ical Psychology : 2nd Edition (New York: Psychology Press), 1–416.
Dixon, J., Cakal, H., Khan, W., Osmany, M., Majumdar, S., and Hassan, M. (2017). Contact, Political Solidarity and Collective Action: An Indian Case Study of Rela- tions between Historically Disadvantaged Communities. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology 27, 83–95. doi: 10.1002/casp.2296.
Harisman (2018). Metode Pengajaran AIK bagi Mahasiswa Non-Muslim (Studi Kasus Fakultas Farmasi UMP). In Seminar Nasional Al-Islam dan Kemuham- madiyahan 2018, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, ed. and others (Pub- likasi Ilmiah), 87–98.
Haslam, A. (2004). Psychology In Organizations : The Social Identity Approach (London: Sage Publications), 1–336.
Hogg, M. A., van Knippenberg, D., and Rast, D. E. (2012). Intergroup Leadership in Organizations: Leading Across Group and Organizational Boundaries. Academy of Management Review 37, 232–255. doi: 10.5465/amr.2010.0221.
Hook, J. N., Farrell, J. E., Johnson, K. A., Tongeren, D. R. V., Davis, D. E., and Aten,
J. D. (2017). Intellectual humility and religious tolerance. The Journal of Positive Psychology 12, 29–35. doi: 10.1080/17439760.2016.1167937.
Isnaini, S. U. (2014). Persepsi Mahasiswa Non Muslim Terhadap Pembe- lajaran Al-Islam Dan Kemuhammadiyahan Di Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang. http://eprints.umm.ac.id/26458/2/jiptummpp-gdl-shoviumuli-38233- 1-cover%2Cl-l.pdf.
Kurniawan, K. N. (2018). Religious Tolerance in the Hidden Curriculum: A Case Study on. Indonesian Public School. Masyarakat : Jurnal Psikologi 23, 1–30. doi: https://doi/org/10.7454/mjs.v23i1.7841.
Kusuma, W. (2016). Indahnya Toleransi Di Kampus-Kampus Yogyakarta. https://regional.kompas.com/read/2016/12/23/05535791/indahnya.toleransi. di.kampus-kampus.yogyakarta?page=3pada12Maret. (Accessed on 2020-07- 20).
Matulessy, A. (2018). Psikologi Politik : Dari Ideologi Kebangsaan Hingga Gerakan Mahasiswa (Malang: Intrans Publishing).
Muhammadiyah, S. (2017). Manhaj Moderat berkemajuan. https:
//www.suaramuhammadiyah.id/2017/07/12/manhaj-moderat-berkemajuan/. (Accessed on 2020-07-13).
Muhammadiyah, S. (2018). Daftar Perguruan Tinggi Muhammadiyah dan ‘Aisyiyah 2018. http://www.suaramuhammadiyah.id/2018/11/23/daftar-perguruan- tinggi-muhammadiyah-dan-aisyiyah-2018/pada25Maret. (Accessed on 2020- 07-16).
Mukti, A. and Haq, F. R. U. (2009). Kristen Muhammadiyah : Konvergensi Muslim dalam Pendidikan (Jakarta: Al-Wasat Publishing House), 1–265.
Neuberg, S. L., Warner, C. M., Mistler, S. A., Berlin, A., Hill, E. D., Johnson, J. D., et al. (2014). Religion and Intergroup Conflict: Findings From the Global Group Relations Project. Psychological Science 25, 198–206. doi: 10.1177/ 0956797613504303.
Pohl, F. (2009). Interreligious Harmony and Peacebuilding in Indonesian Islamic Education (New York: Springer). doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419- 0143-9_8.
Pusat, M. P. (2009). Pedoman Islami Warga Muhammadiyah (Yogyakarta: Suara Muhammadiyah).
Sammut, G. and Gillespie, A. (2011). Editorial: Cultural Encounters and Social Sol- idarity. Papers on Social Representations 20, 1–7.
Setiawan, T., Scheepers, P., and Sterkens, C. (2020). Applicability of the social identity model of collective action in predicting support for interreligious vio- lence in Indonesia. Asian Journal of Social Psychology 23, 278–292. doi: 10.1111/ajsp.12397.
Smith, J. A., Flowers, P., and Larkin, M. (2013). Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis : Theory, Method, and Research (Singapore: Sage Publication), 1–232.
Smith, J. A. and Osborn, M. (2006). Qualitative Psychology A Practical Guide to Research Methods (Sage Publications).
Tajfel, H. (1982). Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations. Annual Review of Psy- chology 33, 1–39. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ps.33.020182.000245.
Untung, S. H. and Sutrisno, E. A. (2015). Sikap Islam terhadap Minoritas Non- Muslim. Kalimah: Jurnal Studi Agama dan Pemikiran Islam 12, 27–48. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.21111/klm.v12i1.217.
Wibisono, S., Louis, W., and Jetten, J. (2019). The Role of Religious Fundamental- ism in the Intersection of National and Religious Identities. Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology 13, 12–12. doi: 10.1017/prp.2018.25.
Zarkasyi, H. F. (2012). Misykat: Refleksi Tentang Islam, Westernisasi, dan Liber- alisasi (Jakarta: Institute for the Study of Islamic Thought and Civilizations & Majelis Intelektual dan Ulama Muda Indonesia).